Earthquakes, geological phenomena that often have a significant impact on human life, are gaining increasing attention in the era of climate change. As a natural process, earthquakes can occur at any time and anywhere, but climate change may contribute to an increase in the frequency and intensity of this geological phenomenon. Climate change triggers an increase in global temperatures, which contributes to the melting of polar and mountain ice. In many areas, this melting puts pressure on rock layers, which can trigger earthquakes. Additionally, increased extreme rainfall resulting from climate change can cause landslides and other seismic activity, increasing the risk of natural disasters in earthquake-prone areas. The social impacts of earthquakes in the era of climate change are very diverse. Communities that are already vulnerable due to economic factors or social instability find themselves increasingly threatened when disasters strike. Sustainable development models must now involve earthquake risk mitigation strategies, especially in areas affected by rising sea levels or changing weather patterns. Meanwhile, the challenges faced vary, from earthquake monitoring and prediction to more disaster-resistant infrastructure. With advanced technology, scientists can now monitor changes that occur in the layers of the earth’s crust, but it is still difficult to predict the time and location of certain earthquake events. This uncertainty is a big challenge for the government and society to prepare themselves. An increasingly uncertain climate also increases costs for post-disaster repairs and rescue. Mitigation steps must include careful planning for infrastructure so that it can withstand earthquakes. In addition, funding for research and development of new technologies must be increased to be more effective in dealing with disasters. An early warning system is one solution that has been widely discussed. This system can help the community prepare themselves, reduce the number of victims, and speed up the response process after an incident. On the other hand, public awareness campaigns about the importance of preparedness also need to be strengthened, especially in areas that frequently experience earthquakes. Cross-sector collaboration between government, NGOs and society is very necessary to overcome this problem. Education and outreach efforts about earthquake risks and the importance of adapting to climate change must be part of development programs. Through this approach, we can put ourselves in a better position to deal with earthquakes and the impacts of climate change simultaneously. The importance of research to understand the connection between earthquakes and climate change cannot be ignored. Further studies in geology and climatology are needed to formulate more effective and data-based strategies to minimize the impact of future earthquakes. As the frequency of disasters increases, understanding the complex relationships between environmental and geological factors becomes increasingly crucial. Finally, special attention needs to be paid to developing countries which often have lower capacity to face these challenges. International support and responsive policies are key elements in building their resilience and adaptability to natural disasters and climate change.
